Some key findings from the assessment are displayed below. These findings are described and explained in detail in the tabbed sections found at the top of this page. When viewing specific findings in each tab, readers can click the captions to filter results and scroll through supporting analyses to learn how we arrived at a finding.
Richmond, CA 2023
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
This assessment analyzes policing data, along with demographic and crime data, to identify which policing practices show patterns of racial disparities, and what factors may be contributing to those disparities.
The vast majority of law enforcement agencies in the United States do not choose to share their policing data publicly or receive independent analyses of these data. Justice Navigator Assessments examine data from law enforcement agencies that voluntarily partnered with CPE to receive standardized analyses that put policing data to work and serve as a starting point for addressing the kinds of racial disparities that persist in policing across the country. Communities can’t improve their public safety systems without identifying opportunities to do so; CPE commends Richmond Police Department (RPD) for partnering with us to take this first step in addressing racial disparities in their policing.
RPD joined CPE’s National Justice Database project in November 2020. RPD shared data with CPE in order to receive analyses intended to support community and law enforcement collaboration on data-informed efforts to advance equitable outcomes in policing and public safety. This assessment analyzes use of force data from 2019 – 2022, traffic and non-traffic stop data from 2022, and calls for service and officer-initiated activity data from 2019 – 2022.
USE OF FORCE
How did officers use force?
According to Richmond Police Department data:
54% of all uses of force officers recorded between 2019 and 2022 were against Black people, who made up 20% of the population of Richmond.
This racial disparity was not fully explained by neighborhood variations in crime rates, poverty, or share of Black residents. After accounting for these factors, Richmond Police Department officers used force against Black people 6.6 times as often as White people.
What should be investigated further?
Racial disparities in recorded uses of force are apparent across most types of force. The most common force type recorded overall was “Holds.”
How can departments reduce disparities in use of force?
Explore Related Insights
TRAFFIC STOPS
Which people did officers stop and search?
According to Richmond Police Department data:
35% of all people stopped in 2022 were Black.
44% of all people stopped in 2022 were Latinx.
12% of all people stopped in 2022 were White.
Which people did officers search at stops?
At traffic stops, officers searched Black people 3.4 times as often as White people.
Officer searched 33 Black people who did not have any contraband, compared to 6 White people who did not have any contraband.
How can departments reduce disparities in traffic stops?
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NON-TRAFFIC STOPS
Which people did officers stop?
According to Richmond Police Department data:
45% of all people stopped in 2022 were Black.
The population of Richmond is 20% Black.
This racial disparity was not fully explained by neighborhood variations in crime rates, poverty, or share of Black residents. After accounting for these factors, Richmond Police Department officers stopped Black people 3.6 times as often as White people.
What should be investigated further?
Once stopped, officers searched Latinx people 1.9 times as often as White People, even though Latinx people were less likely to possess contraband.
Officers searched 19 Latinx people who did not find any contraband, compared to 3 White people who did not have any contraband.
How can departments reduce disparities in non-traffic stops?
Explore Related Insights
CALLS FOR SERVICE AND OFFICER ACTIVITY
How did officers spend their time?
Police were involved in 347,739 total recorded events in 2019 – 2022, including both Officer-Initiated Activities and Calls for Service.
- 21% of these events involved Bodily Harm, Property Harm, or Threats. All other events involved no report of Bodily Harm, Property Harm, or Threats.
- 24% of these events were Officer-Initiated Activities that involved no report of Bodily Harm, Property Harm, or Threats.
- 55% of these events were Calls for Service that involved no report of Bodily Harm, Property Harm, or Threats.
What should be investigated further?
There were 6,665 recorded mental health events, which represent some incidents that may be better addressed using appropriate non-police responders or co-response models.
How can public safety resources be better aligned with community needs?
Explore Related Insights
NEXT STEPS TO REDUCE DISPARITIES
Our resources can help communities and law enforcement agencies assess solutions and take action to reduce racial disparities in policing and design more equitable public safety systems.
OUR METHODOLOGY
Visit the Justice Navigator homepage to learn more about the methodologies we use.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This platform has been generously supported to drive meaningful change by Ballmer, Google.org, Joyce Foundation, Lyda Hill Philanthropies, NextEra, Players Coalition, Silicon Valley Community Foundation, TED, and Valhalla. Funding for development of the National Justice Database infrastructure and the original analytic plan upon which these analyses are based was provided by the National Science Foundation, under awards led by Principal Investigators Phillip Atiba Goff, Jack Glaser, Amanda Geller, Steven Raphael, and Amelia Haviland.
Suggested citation: Center for Policing Equity (2023). Richmond Police Department. Justice Navigator, justicenavigator.org.